https://ruangmainan.com – Chess openings are an initial move that will determine the game's adaptation to the opponent's tactics.

To win a game of chess, tactics are needed to control the game. One of the crucial tactics that has a significant impact is the opening moves in chess.

In chess, the opening becomes crucial because these moves determine the struggle for control of the chess board to be maximized.

The tactics devised are essential to implement since the opponent's game is not known at the beginning of the match.

The principle to be applied is to focus on adapting the game to control the center and develop the game. With this, the game will be easier to determine the next moves.

Usually, beginners will always memorize opening moves to start the match.

Everything will be correct if the player has a principle in a well-thought-out plan and is confident in starting this brain sport.

To increase the chances in a chess game, players must have moves beyond memorization after the opening. Because, it will be beneficial if the early game has been read by the opponent.

If always relying on memorization, the game will be easily controlled by the opponent, and it is not impossible to go astray and start subsequent mistakes.

To avoid this condition, the path to take is to maintain the advantage by developing the game adaptively.

This will make it easier for players to control the course of the game and still control the next moves that the opponent will take.

In chess opening, there are several theoretical procedures that can be used to start the match and focus attacks on where to go.

Here are the commonly used chess opening moves by players.

Chess Opening Tactics

Chess has many tactics; therefore, let's look at explanations of commonly used chess tactics by players.

Ruy Lopez Chess Opening

Ruy Lopez or Spanish Game comes from the name Rodrigo (Ruy) Lopez de Segura. He was a Spanish bishop who analyzed this opening in his work in 1561, "Libro de la Invencion Liberal y Arte del Juego del Axedrez," the "Book of Literal Invention and Art of The Game Chess."

After almost 500 years, Ruy remains one of the most common chess opening tactics. Chess experts have produced many variations, and various strategic plans are available for white and black.

The initial position of Ruy Lopez is reached after the following moves: 1. e4, e5; 2. Nf3, Nc6; and 3. Bb5.

Italian Game Chess Opening

First developed in the 1600s and perhaps the oldest chess opening, Italian game, also known as piano giuoco, "quiet game" in Italian. 

This strategy has moves: 1. e4, e5; 2. Nf3, Nc6; and 3. Bc4.

It remained popular until the 19th century but has now been replaced by Ruy Lopez as the favorite choice for white in the third move. 

In this opening, Bc4 looks at the potentially weak f7 pawn, but over the years, improved defensive techniques have shown that this is less dangerous for black than Bb5.

Nevertheless, the Italian Game tends to lead to aggressive open positions, making the game enjoyable.  

This opening is still played at all levels and quite popular among club players. Variations in the Italian game include two knights' defense and the Hungarian defense.

Sicilian Defense Chess Opening

Sicilian Defense (1. e4, c5) is the most popular black chess response to e4, especially at the highest level of chess. 

By playing c5, black immediately fights to gain a position in the center and then attacks d4 but avoids the symmetry of e5. 

This strategy generally leads to a complex and dangerous struggle so that both sides have a chance to win.

The Sicilian Defense has many variations, each leading to different types of positions, including closed Sicilian, classic Sicilian, dragon variation, and Najdorf variation.

French Defense Chess Opening

French Defense (1. e4, e6) allows white to the central space and limits the scope of its king's bishop. But this defense prevents tactics against f7 while allowing black to act on the queen's side and fight back in the center.

After the most typical lines 2. d4, d5, the white "e" pawn is pressed, and white must decide how to deal with it. This leads to various variations such as exchange variation, advance variation, Tarrasch variation, Winawer variation, and classic variation.

Caro-Kann Defense Chess Opening

Caro-Kann opening (1. e4, c6) moves d5 on the second move for black to counter the white e4 pawn. Caro-Kann is very solid but not as flexible as other black chess defenses against e4. Black avoids blocking the king's bishop but requires a second move to play c5.

Pirc Defense Chess Opening

Originally considered an inferior opening, Pirc Defense (1. e4, d6) is now a solid choice. Black allows white to build an impressive center defense, then tries to turn that center into a target for attack.

Some variations of the Pirc opening are the classical system and Austrian attack.

Queen’s Gambit Chess Opening

White chess players who prefer a quieter and more positional game tend to choose 1. d4 instead of 1. e4, then deciding that c4 is the best way to play for an advantage either on the second move or afterward. The queen's move, with moves 1. d4, d5, and 2. c4, is one of the oldest chess openings.

This classic approach pretends to offer a pawn. In reality, black chess cannot expect to get a pawn if the opponent chooses to capture it and, instead, has a stronger center.

Black has several options: accept the Queen’s Gambit, decline the Queen’s Gambit, and the Slav defense.

Indian Defense Chess Opening

After 1. d4, black players are not obliged to move d5. The best response to d4 is Nf6. From there, gaps will open, forming the Indian defense. Although this opening is less solid than the classic d5, Indian defense offers more direct opportunities for resistance.

There are many popular lines that emerge after Nf6: King's Indian Defense, Nimzo-Indian Defense, Queen's Indian Defense, and Grunfeld Defense.

English Opening Chess Opening

The English Opening is a flexible choice for white. This strategy is usually seen after 1. d4. You can also enter the "reverse" Sicilian defense if black responds with e5, where white plays the Sicilian defense with an extra tempo.

One famous setup that can arise from the English Opening strategy is Hedgehog defense.

Reti Opening Chess Opening

Reti Opening (1. Nf3) comes from the name of the great chess master Richard Reti. Like 1. d4 and 1. c4, Reti also generally leads to closed positions, and all three moves can be changed into similar setups.

One possible formation for white is the King's Indian Attack.